Posachedwapa, akaunti yovomerezeka ya WeChat [Photovoltaic Information] (PV-info) idazindikira kuti pa Ogasiti 5, People's Bank of China, National Development and Reform Commission ndi madipatimenti ena asanu ndi awiri adapereka limodzi "Maganizo Otsogolera pa Chithandizo cha Zachuma pa Kukula kwa Makampani Atsopano."
Chikalatachi chikunena kuti mabizinesi oyenerera m'mafakitale omwe akutukuka kumene, monga ukadaulo wazidziwitso wa m'badwo wotsatira, mapulogalamu oyambira ndi mafakitale, magalimoto anzeru (olumikizidwa), mphamvu zatsopano, zipangizo zatsopano, zida zapamwamba, chidziwitso cha malo, ndege zamalonda, biomedicine, ndi chitetezo cha netiweki ndi deta, adzathandizidwa pakusonkhanitsa ndalama m'misika yayikulu yosiyanasiyana. Kusintha kwa ndalama kudzalimbikitsidwa, ndipo kuwunika kwa nthawi yayitali kwa mabungwe osungira ndalama kudzawongoleredwa. Ndalama zoyendetsera ndalama za boma, ndalama zamakampani aboma, makampani a inshuwaransi, ndi ndalama zina zanthawi yayitali zidzalimbikitsidwa kuti zifulumizitse kapangidwe ka mafakitale amtsogolo, kuyang'ana kwambiri pakupanga mtsogolo, chidziwitso chamtsogolo, zida zamtsogolo, mphamvu zamtsogolo, malo amtsogolo, ndi thanzi lamtsogolo, ndikuwonetsetsa zoopsa zomwe zingathetsedwe. Chikalatachi chikugogomezeranso chitukuko cha njira yazachuma yomwe imathandizira kusintha kobiriwira ndi kotsika kwa kaboni m'mafakitale okhala ndi kaboni wambiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zosiyanasiyana zachuma zobiriwira, monga ngongole yobiriwira ndi ma bond obiriwira, pakusintha kobiriwira ndi kotsika kwa kaboni m'makampani opanga kudzalimbikitsidwa.
Tsatirani mfundo ya "kukhazikitsa musanagwetse" ndikulimbikitsa mabanki kuti athandizire mapulojekiti ndi mabizinesi m'mafakitale okhala ndi mpweya wambiri womwe umagwirizana ndi kusintha kwa ukadaulo wobiriwira komanso wopanda mpweya wambiri komanso mfundo zosinthira mphamvu. Kukonza njira zolimbikitsira ndi zoletsa ndalama zobiriwira, kulimbikitsa mabungwe azachuma kuti apange zinthu zachuma zomwe zimathandiza kupanga zinthu zobiriwira, kuwonjezera ndalama pakuteteza chilengedwe, kusunga mphamvu, kusunga madzi, kupanga zinthu zoyera, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino zinthu, kupanga zinthu zobiriwira, komanso chitukuko chopanda mpweya wambiri, ndikuthandizira kusintha ndi kukweza mafakitale obiriwira komanso opanda mpweya wambiri.
Banki ya Anthu ku China ndi madipatimenti ena asanu ndi awiri adapereka limodzi "Maganizo Otsogolera pa Chithandizo cha Zachuma pa Kukula kwa Makampani Atsopano"
Pofuna kukhazikitsa bwino mzimu wa Msonkhano Wachitatu wa Komiti Yaikulu ya CPC ya 20, kukhazikitsa makonzedwe a Msonkhano Wadziko Lonse Wokhudza Kulimbikitsa Kukula Kwatsopano kwa Mafakitale, ndikufulumizitsa ntchito yomanga dziko lolimba lazachuma komanso lopanga zinthu, People's Bank of China, Unduna wa Zamakampani ndi Ukadaulo Wazidziwitso, National Development and Reform Commission, Unduna wa Zachuma, Boma Loyang'anira Zachuma, China Securities Regulatory Commission, ndi State Administration of Foreign Exchange posachedwapa apereka "Maganizo Otsogolera pa Thandizo la Zachuma pa Kukula Kwatsopano kwa Mafakitale" (pano akutchedwa "Maganizo").
Motsogozedwa ndi Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with China Characteristics for a New Era, Maganizo amalimbikitsa ntchito zachuma pa chuma chenicheni ngati cholinga chake chachikulu komanso muyeso wofunikira popewa ndikuthetsa mavuto azachuma. Poyang'ana kwambiri pa ntchito yayikulu ya mafakitale atsopano, Maganizo amalimbikitsa kusintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka ndalama kumbali yopereka zinthu chifukwa cha kufunikira, kulimbitsa mgwirizano wa mfundo za mafakitale ndi zachuma, ndikupereka ntchito zachuma zapamwamba kuti zilimbikitse mafakitale atsopano ndikufulumizitsa chitukuko cha mphamvu zatsopano zopangira. Potsatira njira zosiyanasiyana za ndondomeko ndikupereka chithandizo ndi kuwongolera, Maganizo amalimbikitsa kusintha kwachangu kwa mafakitale kupita kumisika yapakati ndi yapamwamba ndikuletsa mpikisano wosasinthika. Pofika chaka cha 2027, dongosolo lazachuma lothandizira chitukuko chapamwamba, chanzeru, komanso chobiriwira cha kupanga zinthu lidzakhala lokhwima kwambiri, ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa ntchito.
Malingaliro akupereka njira zothandizira madera ofunikira kwambiri pakukulitsa mafakitale atsopano. Zida za ndondomeko zachuma zidzakonzedwa kuti zithandizire zinthu zofunika kwambiri zaukadaulo ndi kafukufuku, ndalama zothandizira odwala zidzayambitsidwa kudzera m'njira zingapo kuti zisinthe zomwe zachitika pa sayansi ndi ukadaulo, ntchito zachuma zonse zidzalimbikitsidwa kwa mabizinesi ofunikira mu unyolo wa mafakitale, ndipo luso laukadaulo la makampani opanga zinthu zatsopano komanso kulimba kwa unyolo wopereka zinthu zamafakitale zidzakulitsidwa. Madera asanu akuluakulu adzapangidwa, kuphatikiza ndalama za sayansi ndi ukadaulo, ndalama zobiriwira, ndi ndalama za digito. Chitsanzo cha ntchito zachuma zamafakitale chozikidwa pa "ngongole ya data" ndi "ngongole yazinthu" chidzakulitsidwa kuti chithandizire kusintha ndi kukweza mafakitale achikhalidwe komanso kulima ndikukula kwa mafakitale omwe akutukuka kumene. Njira zoyendetsera ngongole ndi ntchito zachuma zokhudzana ndi kusamutsa mafakitale m'madera apakati ndi akumadzulo zidzakulitsidwa, ndipo kukhazikika ndi chitukuko chapadera cha ndalama m'magulu amafakitale kudzalimbikitsidwa. Njira zingapo zothandizira ntchito zachuma kudutsa malire zidzalimbikitsidwa, kuphatikiza mgwirizano wamalonda, kasamalidwe ka ndalama, ndalama ndi ndalama, kuti zithandizire kapangidwe kabwino ka mafakitale ndikukulitsa malo otukuka, potero kulimbitsa kufalikira kwa dziko.
Malingalirowa akulimbitsa luso la ntchito zachuma ndi njira zanthawi yayitali kuti asunge gawo loyenera la ndalama mu gawo lopanga. Mabungwe azachuma adzakonza njira zawo zamkati zogwirira ntchito yopangira, kukhazikitsa mapulani osiyana a ngongole za gawo lopanga, ndikupanga mfundo zosiyanasiyana za ngongole zogwirizana ndi mafakitale enaake ndi magawo okulira a mabizinesi. Adzakulitsa gulu la akatswiri osiyanasiyana mumakampani asayansi ndi ukadaulo ndi zachuma, kulimbikitsa mabungwe azachuma kuti apange magulu oyendetsera ndalama ndi mautumiki. Adzakhazikitsa ndikuwongolera njira zinayi: kulumikizana ndi kukweza m'madipatimenti osiyanasiyana, zolimbikitsa mfundo ndi zoletsa, chithandizo cha mfundo zakomweko, komanso kupewa ndi kuwongolera zoopsa. Adzagwiritsa ntchito gawo lotsogolera la mfundo zachuma ndi mfundo zazikulu kuti awonjezere mphamvu, kulondola, komanso kutsimikizika kwa chithandizo cha ndalama pakukula kwa mafakitale atsopano.
Mu gawo lotsatira, Banki ya Anthu ya China ndi Unduna wa Zamalonda ndi Ukadaulo wa Chidziwitso adzagwira ntchito ndi madipatimenti oyenerera kuti alimbikitse mokwanira kukhazikitsidwa kwa njira zosiyanasiyana mu "Maganizo", kukulitsa mgwirizano wa mafakitale ndi zachuma, kukonza njira yothandizira zachuma pakukula kwa mafakitale atsopano, ndikupereka chithandizo champhamvu cha zachuma kuti chifulumizitse kukulitsa kukula kwa mafakitale atsopano.
chowonjezera:
Banki ya Anthu ku China, Unduna wa Zamalonda ndi Ukadaulo wa Chidziwitso, Komiti Yachitukuko ndi Kusintha kwa Dziko, Unduna wa Zachuma, Utsogoleri wa Boma wa Kuyang'anira Zachuma, Komiti Yoyang'anira Zachitetezo ku China, Unduna wa Zachuma wa Boma wa Kusinthana Ndalama Zakunja
Malingaliro Otsogolera pa Chithandizo cha Zachuma pa Kukula kwa Mafakitale Kwatsopano
Makampani ndi maziko a dziko komanso maziko a chitukuko chapamwamba cha zachuma ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu. Kukwaniritsa mafakitale atsopano ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakukweza mphamvu za dziko la China komanso kukonzanso dziko lonse kudzera mukusintha kwamakono kwa njira ya ku China. Kuti tifulumizitse chitukuko cha dziko lolimba la zachuma ndi kupanga zinthu ndikukhazikitsa njira yazachuma yogwirizana ndi kupititsa patsogolo mafakitale atsopano, malingaliro otsatirawa aperekedwa.
1.Zofunikira zonse
Motsogozedwa ndi Xi Jinping Lingaliro la Chikomyunizimu ndi Makhalidwe Achi China a Nthawi Yatsopano, tidzakhazikitsa mokwanira mzimu wa Msonkhano Wadziko Lonse wa 20 wa Chipani cha Chikomyunizimu cha China ndi Misonkhano Yachiwiri ndi Yachitatu ya Komiti Yaikulu ya 20, kukhazikitsa Msonkhano Wadziko Lonse Wokhudza Kulimbikitsa Kukula Kwatsopano kwa Mafakitale, kukhazikitsa mokwanira, molondola, komanso mokwanira lingaliro latsopano la chitukuko, kugwirizanitsa chitukuko ndi chitetezo, ndikulimbikitsa mwamphamvu ntchito zachuma pazachuma chenicheni ngati cholinga chathu chachikulu komanso muyeso wofunikira wopewera ndikuthetsa zoopsa zachuma. Tidzatsatira mfundo zoyendetsera msika komanso malamulo, kuyang'ana kwambiri ntchito zazikulu zakukula kwa mafakitale atsopano, kukulitsa kusintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka ndalama, kukulitsa mgwirizano wa mafakitale ndi zachuma, kulimbitsa mgwirizano wa mfundo zamakampani ndi zachuma, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu, kulondola, komanso kugwira ntchito bwino kwa chithandizo chachuma. Tidzapereka ntchito zachuma zapamwamba kwambiri zomangira dongosolo lamakono la mafakitale lotsogozedwa ndi zatsopano zasayansi ndi ukadaulo komanso lothandizidwa ndi kupanga zinthu zapamwamba, kupititsa patsogolo kukula kwa mafakitale atsopano, ndikufulumizitsa chitukuko champhamvu zatsopano. Tidzatsatira mfundo zosiyanasiyana, kupereka chithandizo ndi kuwongolera, kuti tilimbikitse kupita patsogolo kwa mafakitale kupita kumisika yapakatikati ndi yapamwamba ndikuletsa mpikisano "wosasintha".
Pofika chaka cha 2027, dongosolo lazachuma lomwe likuthandizira chitukuko chapamwamba, chanzeru, komanso chobiriwira cha kupanga zinthu lidzakhala litakula kwambiri, ndi zinthu zambiri zosiyanasiyana. Ngongole, ma bond, equity, inshuwaransi, ndi zida zina zachuma zidzakhala zogwirizana kwambiri, zomwe zidzateteza bwino zoopsa zachuma, ndipo kusinthasintha kwa ntchito kudzakulitsidwa bwino. Zosowa zogwira mtima za mabizinesi opanga zinthu zidzakwaniritsidwa mokwanira, chiwerengero ndi kukula kwa ma bond ndi makampani opanga zinthu zidzapitirira kukula, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ndalama zothandizira equity kudzakwera kwambiri.
2. Kuthandizira kukonza luso laukadaulo wa mafakitale komanso kulimba kwa unyolo wa mafakitale ndi unyolo wopereka zinthu
(1) Konzani bwino zida za ndondomeko zachuma kuti zithandizire ukadaulo wofunikira ndi kafukufuku wazinthu. Gwiritsani ntchito gawo lolimbikitsa la zida za ndondomeko zachuma kuti zitsogolere mabanki kuti apereke ndalama zapakati komanso zazitali zaukadaulo wofunikira ndi kafukufuku wazinthu m'makampani opanga zinthu, monga ma circuits ophatikizika, zida zamafakitale, zida zamankhwala, ma seva, zida, mapulogalamu oyambira, mapulogalamu amafakitale, ndi zipangizo zapamwamba. Limbikitsani mabungwe onse azachuma, kutengera ntchito zawo, kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu ndi zida zoyenera zachuma kuti athandize mapulojekiti omanganso mafakitale ndi mapulojekiti akuluakulu ofufuza zida zamaukadaulo. Kwa makampani aukadaulo omwe akwaniritsa kupita patsogolo muukadaulo wofunikira, "njira yobiriwira" yopezera ndalama, kuphatikiza ndi kugula, ndi kupereka ma bond idzagwiritsidwa ntchito. Wonjezerani chithandizo pakukweza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zida zazikulu zaukadaulo zoyambirira, zida zatsopano zoyambirira, mapulogalamu oyamba, ndi mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati apadera, apadera, komanso atsopano, mabizinesi apamwamba, mabizinesi amitundu iwiri, ndi mabizinesi akuluakulu a unyolo wamafakitale ndi unyolo wopereka zinthu.
(2) Kukhazikitsa ndalama zogulira nthawi yayitali ndikupanga ndalama zothandizira odwala kuti zithandize kusintha kwa zomwe zachitika pa sayansi ndi ukadaulo. Kuthandizira mgwirizano pakati pa mabungwe azachuma ndi mabungwe othandizira ukadaulo kuti afufuze ndikupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ntchito zothandizira ndalama kuti abwezeretsenso zinthu za sayansi ndi ukadaulo komanso zomwe zachitika. Kukhazikitsa pulojekiti yapadera ya "Technology Industry Financial Integration", kuchita ziwonetsero za ndalama za "One Chain per Month" ndi pulogalamu ya "Thousands of Sails and Hundreds of Boats" kuti akonze mndandanda wa mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati apadera, atsopano, komanso atsopano. Konzani njira yowunikira zinthu zaukadaulo wolimba, kulimbitsa chitsogozo pa zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa pamndandanda ndi zolimbikitsa za mfundo, ndikulimbikitsa ndalama zachikhalidwe kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito msanga, m'makampani ang'onoang'ono, anthawi yayitali, komanso muukadaulo wolimba. Kulimbikitsa ntchito zachuma zomwe zasinthidwa monga ndalama zolipirira ngongole, zida zodziwitsa, upangiri wazachuma, ndi upangiri wa kasamalidwe ka anthu aluso apamwamba muukadaulo watsopano komanso bizinesi. Limbikitsani ndalama zoyendetsera bizinesi kuti zigwirizane ndi malo opanga zinthu zatsopano padziko lonse, mayunivesite ndi mabungwe ofufuza, nsanja zophunzitsira anthu zamakampani ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati, nsanja zoyesera zopangira zapamwamba, ndi magawo oyesera kuti pakhale chitukuko cha mafakitale kuchokera ku mapulogalamu ofunikira a kafukufuku ndi chitukuko mdziko lonse kuti alimbikitse kusintha ndi kukulitsa mafakitale a zomwe zachitika pa sayansi ndi ukadaulo. Pangani ndalama zoyendetsera bizinesi yachiwiri, konzani njira zamabizinesi ndi njira zogulira mitengo yosinthira magawo a ndalama zoyendetsera bizinesi, ndikulimbikitsa chitukuko chogwirizana cha misika yamasheya am'madera ndi ndalama zoyendetsera bizinesi. Limbikitsani makampani oyendetsera bizinesi kuti afufuze ndalama mwachindunji, ndalama, kubwereka katundu, kupereka chithandizo cha equity, ndi mitundu ina kuti agulitse m'makampani oyendetsera bizinesi. Limbikitsani mabungwe a inshuwaransi kuti agwirizane ndi mabungwe oyesera oyendetsa bizinesi yatsopano ya inshuwaransi.
(3) Kulimbitsa ntchito zachuma kwa mabizinesi ofunikira ndikuthandizira chitukuko chodziyimira pawokha komanso chowongolera cha unyolo wa mafakitale. Kutsogolera mabungwe azachuma kugwiritsa ntchito zida zosiyanasiyana monga ngongole, ma bond, equity, ndi inshuwaransi kuti apereke chithandizo chokwanira cha zachuma kwa mabizinesi otsogola komanso mabizinesi othandizira ofunikira mu unyolo wa mafakitale, kupereka mayankho azachuma kuti mabizinesi azigwira ntchito mokhazikika omwe akukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zinthu zakunja, ndikuthandizira mabizinesi achinsinsi kuti achite nawo mwachangu pakupanga unyolo wodziyimira pawokha komanso wowongolera. Konzani mfundo za ngongole za M&A, thandizani mabizinesi otsogola kuti ayang'ane kwambiri unyolo wa mafakitale kuti achite "kudzaza unyolo" ndi "kukulitsa unyolo", ndikuyendetsa chitukuko chogwirizana cha unyolo wonse wa mafakitale. Kuthandizira makampani amigodi kuti afulumizitse kuwonjezeka kwa zosungira ndi kupanga mchere wofunikira ndikukweza mphamvu yotsimikizira kupezeka kwa zinthu zofunika, poganizira kutsatira mfundo zamakampani zadziko. Motsogozedwa ndi kufunikira kwa mafakitale, konzani dongosolo lazinthu zamtsogolo ndikulimbikitsa kupezeka ndi kukhazikika kwa mitengo ya zinthu zambiri.
3.Thandizani ntchito yomanga mwachangu makina amakono a mafakitale
(4) Konzani bwino ntchito zachuma zopangira zinthu zachikhalidwe ndikulimbikitsa kusintha ndi kukweza mafakitale. Kutsogolera mabanki kuti akonze bwino mfundo za ngongole kutengera mfundo yothandizira ndi kuwongolera, ndikuwonjezera chithandizo cha ndalama pakukula kwapamwamba, kwanzeru, komanso kobiriwira kwa zinthu zachikhalidwe, komanso mabizinesi kuti awonjezere mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu, kukonza mtundu, ndikupanga mitundu. Limbitsani chithandizo cha ndalama chosiyanasiyana pakusintha kwa digito kwa makampani opanga zinthu, makamaka mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati ndi opereka chithandizo cha digito. Gwiritsani ntchito ntchito ziwiri zolipirira ndi kulipira katundu pakubwereketsa ndalama kuti athandize mabizinesi pakusintha kwa digito kwa zida zopangira, kukweza ndikusintha zida zanzeru ndi mapulogalamu, kupeza zida zobiriwira komanso zosawononga chilengedwe, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zida zachitetezo ndi zadzidzidzi. Limbikitsani kutetezedwa kwa chuma cha ngongole yobwereketsa ndalama. Limbikitsani zatsopano za zinthu zomangira kuti zithandizire kusintha kwaukadaulo ndi kukweza, kumanga mafakitale anzeru, ndi kusintha kwa digito kwa mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati. Thandizani makampani omwe atchulidwa pakuphatikiza ndi kukweza mafakitale kudzera m'mindandanda yonse, malo achinsinsi, ndi kugula katundu. Limbikitsani makampani a inshuwalansi kuti apange mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mabizinesi a inshuwalansi yaukadaulo kuti apereke chitetezo ku zoopsa pakusintha ndi kukweza makampani opanga zinthu komanso chitetezo cha deta yamakampani.
(5) Kukweza ubwino ndi magwiridwe antchito a ndalama za sayansi ndi ukadaulo, kuthandizira kukula ndi chitukuko cha mafakitale omwe akutukuka komanso kapangidwe ka mafakitale amtsogolo. Kuthandizira mabungwe azachuma popanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ntchito zachuma za sayansi ndi ukadaulo, kukulitsa ngongole za sayansi ndi ukadaulo, ndikuwonjezera ndalama ndi zolipirira mu ma bond atsopano a sayansi ndi ukadaulo. Kulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zotsatira zowunikira chitukuko chapadera, chapadera, komanso chatsopano cha mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati, ndikulimbitsa ntchito zopezera ndalama ndi zokweza ngongole. Kukhazikitsa mokwanira "Ndondomeko Yatsopano" ndikukhazikitsa kukula kwa ngongole zachinsinsi za chuma ndi mabizinesi ena. Kuthandizira mabizinesi oyenerera m'mafakitale omwe akutukuka kumene monga ukadaulo wazidziwitso wa m'badwo wotsatira, mapulogalamu oyambira ndi mafakitale, magalimoto anzeru (olumikizidwa), mphamvu zatsopano, zipangizo zatsopano, zida zapamwamba, chidziwitso cha malo, ndege zamalonda, biomedicine, ndi chitetezo cha netiweki ndi deta kuti mupeze ndalama m'misika yambiri yamakampani. Kulimbikitsa kusintha kwa ndalama kumbali ya ndalama, kukonza kuwunika kwa nthawi yayitali kwa mabungwe osungira ndalama, ndikulimbikitsa ndalama za nthawi yayitali monga ndalama za boma zosungira ndalama, ndalama zamakampani aboma, ndi makampani a inshuwaransi kuti zifulumizitse kapangidwe ka mafakitale amtsogolo, kuyang'ana kwambiri pakupanga zinthu zamtsogolo, zambiri zamtsogolo, zipangizo zamtsogolo, mphamvu zamtsogolo, malo amtsogolo, ndi thanzi lamtsogolo, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zoopsa zimatha kuthetsedwa.
(6) Gwiritsani ntchito mphamvu ya ndalama zobiriwira kuti zithandizire chitukuko cha mafakitale obiriwira, otsika mpweya, komanso ozungulira. Limbikitsani chitukuko cha njira yazachuma yomwe imathandizira kusintha kwa mafakitale obiriwira ndi otsika mpweya. Limbikitsani kugwiritsa ntchito zida zosiyanasiyana zandalama zobiriwira monga ngongole yobiriwira ndi ma bond obiriwira mu kusintha kwa mafakitale opanga zinthu zobiriwira ndi otsika mpweya. Tsatirani mfundo ya "kukhazikitsa kaye, kenako kugwetsa," ndikulimbikitsa mabanki kuti athandizire mapulojekiti ndi mabizinesi m'mafakitale obiriwira omwe amagwirizana ndi njira yowongolera ukadaulo wobiriwira ndi wotsika mpweya komanso mfundo zosinthira mphamvu. Sinthani njira zolimbikitsira ndi zoletsa za ndalama zobiriwira, limbikitsani mabungwe azachuma kuti apange zinthu zachuma zomwe zimathandiza kupanga zinthu zobiriwira, kuwonjezera ndalama pakuteteza chilengedwe, kusunga mphamvu, kusunga madzi, kupanga zinthu zoyera, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino zinthu, kupanga zinthu zobiriwira, ndi chitukuko cha mpweya wotsika mpweya, ndikuthandizira kusintha kwa mafakitale obiriwira ndi otsika mpweya komanso kukweza mafakitale obiriwira.
(7) Kulimbitsa mphamvu zachuma za digito ndikulimbikitsa kuphatikiza kwakukulu kwa chuma cha digito ndi chuma chenicheni. Kuthandizira mabungwe azachuma kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo monga big data, blockchain, ndi nzeru zopanga kuti zisinthe njira zamabizinesi ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito potumikira makampani opanga zinthu, makamaka mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati. Kulimbitsa chithandizo cha ngongole zapakati ndi zazitali pakukonza zomangamanga za digito, kuphatikiza 5G, intaneti ya mafakitale, ndi malo osungira deta ndi makompyuta. Kugwiritsa ntchito molimbika kubwereketsa ndalama, ndalama zogulira malo, ndi kusungitsa chuma kuti muwonjezere magwero andalama pakukonza zomangamanga za digito. Kulimbikitsa chitukuko cha nsanja zautumiki wazachuma zama digito ndi mabanki. Kuyang'ana kwambiri unyolo wofunikira wamakampani opanga zinthu, kulimbitsa kusonkhanitsa zochitika, kuphatikiza zachilengedwe, kusonkhanitsa chidziwitso, kutsimikizira deta, kuwerengera mtengo ndi zinthu, komanso kupanga zinthu zatsopano kuti mukwaniritse ntchito zachuma "zokhazikika" monga kuthetsa mavuto, ndalama, ndi kasamalidwe ka ndalama. Kupititsa patsogolo bwino chitukuko cha nsanja yogawana chidziwitso cha ngongole yadziko lonse kuti bizinesi yaying'ono, yapakatikati, ndi yaying'ono iyende bwino, kukonza chidziwitso cha ngongole kwa obwereka koyamba, ndikuwonjezera kupezeka kwa ndalama kwa mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono, apakatikati, ndi yaying'ono mumakampani opanga zinthu. Limbikitsani mabungwe azachuma kuti agwirizane ndi China SME Service Network kuti apereke chithandizo cha "ndalama" chosavuta kwa mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati.
(8) Kukulitsa ntchito zachuma za unyolo wa mafakitale ndikulimbikitsa kuphatikiza unyolo wamakampani ndi unyolo wamakampani. Mabungwe azachuma akulimbikitsidwa kupereka ndalama zolandirira, zinthu zosungidwa, ndalama zolandirira katundu, ndi ntchito zogulira ndalama kwa mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati (SMEs) kudzera mu unyolo wopereka zinthu kutengera "ngongole ya data" ndi "ngongole ya chinthu," pogwiritsa ntchito deta yayikulu ndi zochitika zinazake. Gwiritsani ntchito chidziwitso cha ngongole cha ndalama za SME kuti mufufuze mitundu ya "yopanda maziko" ya unyolo wopereka zinthu yomwe siili yodziyimira payokha pa ngongole ya mabizinesi akuluakulu. Thandizani mabungwe opereka malipoti a ngongole zamakampani pophatikiza ndi kulumikiza deta kuchokera kumakampani akuluakulu opanga zinthu, makampani osungiramo zinthu ndi makampani okonza zinthu, ndi mabungwe ena amakampani, kupatsa mabanki chidziwitso cha momwe mabizinesi alili mu unyolo wopereka zinthu, zochitika zogulitsa ndi kutsatsa, komanso kutsimikizira ufulu wa akaunti. Sinthani miyezo ya bizinesi ndi ukadaulo wa malo osungiramo zinthu (malipiro a nyumba yosungiramo zinthu), kuthandizira chitukuko cha nsanja zapamwamba zoyang'anira nyumba yosungiramo zinthu, ndikukulitsa mitundu ya ndalama zosungiramo zinthu pa intaneti (malipiro a nyumba yosungiramo zinthu). Kukulitsa chitukuko ndi kugwiritsa ntchito nsanja zogulira zinthu ndi njira yolembetsera yogwirizana komanso yotsatsa ya ndalama zosunthika, ndikukweza mtundu wautumiki ndi magwiridwe antchito a nsanja zogulira ndalama zolandirira ndalama. Gwiritsani ntchito bwino luso la akatswiri ndi luso laukadaulo la mabungwe azachuma posamalira ndalama, kukonza mabizinesi, ndi kasamalidwe ka ndalama kuti mulimbikitse kuphatikiza mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati mu chitukuko cha unyolo wa mafakitale.
4.Kuthandizira kapangidwe kabwino ka mafakitale ndi kukulitsa malo opititsira patsogolo chitukuko
(9) Kulimbikitsa kusinthasintha kwa ntchito zachuma potumiza makampani ndikuthandizira kukonza bwino kapangidwe ka mafakitale m'madera osiyanasiyana. Kulimbikitsa mabungwe azachuma kuti akonze bwino kapangidwe ka ndalama ndikupereka chithandizo cha ndalama potumiza mafakitale kumadera oyenerera m'madera apakati, kumadzulo, ndi kumpoto chakum'mawa. Kulimbikitsa mabanki akuluakulu kuti akonze bwino njira zoyendetsera ngongole m'madera osiyanasiyana, kulimbitsa kugawana chidziwitso ndi kulumikizana kwa ntchito pakati pa nthambi m'madera omwe mafakitale amatumiza ndi kulandira, ndikupereka ntchito zambiri monga kuyanjana kwa mapulojekiti ndi upangiri wanzeru kumadera omwe mafakitale amalandira. Kulimbikitsa kugawana deta ya anthu onse ndi chidziwitso mwa kulandira madipatimenti aboma ndi mabungwe azachuma, ndikuthandizira nthambi m'madera omwe amalandira kuti zipereke chithandizo cha ngongole ku mabizinesi omwe amalandira m'magawo awo oyamba kukhazikitsidwa kutengera deta yakale monga kupanga ndi kugwira ntchito, zizindikiro zachuma, malo amsika, ndi zolemba za ngongole za mabizinesi osamutsa. Kukonza ngongole za M&A, ngongole za katundu wokhazikika, ndi ntchito za ngongole zogwirizanitsidwa kuti zithandize bwino mitundu yosamutsa monga kuphatikiza ndi kugula, mabizinesi ogwirizana, ndi mgwirizano. Kufulumizitsa chitukuko cha njira yosamutsa ukadaulo ndikulimbikitsa kuphatikiza kwakukulu kwa zinthu zaukadaulo ndi ndalama.
(10) Kukweza ukatswiri wa ntchito zachuma zamakampani apadera ndikuthandizira chitukuko cha magulu a mafakitale. Kulimbikitsa mabanki adziko lonse kuti akhazikitse nthambi zapadera. Poganizira zoopsa zomwe zingathetsedwe, onjezerani chilolezo cha nthambi zakomweko cha magulu opanga zinthu zapamwamba, magulu apadera a mafakitale a SME, ndi magulu atsopano a mafakitale kuti apange ntchito zachuma zamagulu apadera a mafakitale. Limbikitsani mabanki ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati kuti apange zinthu zobwereketsa zomwe zimagwirizana ndi makhalidwe a mafakitale am'deralo ndikuwonjezera ukatswiri wotumikira mafakitale apadera. Kulimbikitsa mgwirizano wovomerezeka ndi wotsatira malamulo pakati pa mabanki akuluakulu ndi ndalama zamakampani zapadziko lonse m'gawo lopanga zinthu kuti apereke ntchito zonse zachuma zamagulu opanga zinthu zapamwamba ndi magulu apadera a mafakitale a SME. Kuthandizira ndalama zoyambira bizinesi ndi mabungwe ena kuti akhazikitse kupezeka m'magulu. Kupanga mabungwe apadera apamwamba kwambiri m'misika yamasheya am'deralo m'magawo apadera, atsopano, komanso atsopano, ndikulimbitsa kukulitsa, kutsogolera, ndi ntchito zaukadaulo kwa makampani omwe akupita pagulu.
(11) Kulimbikitsa kusavuta kwa ntchito zachuma zodutsa malire ndikukulitsa malo otsegulira ndi chitukuko chapamwamba. Konzani bwino kupereka zinthu ndi ntchito zachuma popanga malonda akunja. Yambitsani njira zapadera zothandizira mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati omwe akupita padziko lonse lapansi. Kulimbikitsa kuwongolera ndalama zomwe zilipo komanso zolipira, kuonetsetsa kuti mabizinesi amatha kuchita mgwirizano wamalonda wodutsa malire mosamala, moyenera, komanso mosavuta. Kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa ndalama zokwana RMB kuti agulitse malonda odutsa malire kuti akwaniritse bwino zosowa za mabizinesi akunja. Kulimbikitsa kusintha kwa ubwino ndi magwiridwe antchito a mfundo zoyendetsera bwino ndalama zamalonda kwa mabizinesi apamwamba. Kuthandiza mabizinesi oyenerera poyesa ntchito zophatikiza ndalama zodutsa malire kuti zithandize kusamutsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zamkati ndi zakunja. Kukulitsanso inshuwaransi ya ngongole yotumiza kunja ndi kupereka ngongole m'gawo la malonda akunja. Kulimbikitsa kutsatsa ndi kuthandizira mfundo za ntchito zoteteza ndalama zakunja kuti ziwongolere luso loyang'anira zoopsa za mabizinesi omwe akupita padziko lonse lapansi. Kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa pulogalamu yoyesera yothandizira ndalama zodutsa malire kwa mabizinesi apamwamba, apadera, opanga zatsopano, komanso otengera ukadaulo. Konzani bwino momwe pulogalamu yoyesera imagwirira ntchito kuti mabizinesi omwe amaika ndalama zakunja asalembetsedwe kuti ayambenso kuyika ndalama kuti athandize mabizinesi omwe amaika ndalama zakunja kukhala ndi ndalama zamkati. Konzani ndikusintha pulogalamu yoyesera ya Qualified Foreign Limited Partner (QFLP). Konzani mndandanda wolakwika wa ndalama zomwe zimapezedwa mu akaunti ya capital kuti mabizinesi azigwiritsa ntchito bwino ndalama zakunja.
5.Kulimbitsa thandizo la ndalama pakukula kwa mafakitale atsopano
(12) Konzani njira zamkati za mabungwe azachuma omwe amatumikira makampani opanga zinthu. Mabungwe azachuma ayenera kuphatikiza kutumikira mafakitale atsopano mu njira zawo zogwirira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, kusintha mwachangu ntchito zawo kutengera zosowa za chitukuko cha dziko komanso momwe zinthu zilili pakusintha ndi kukweza mafakitale, ndikuwonjezera chithandizo cha ngongole zapakati ndi zazitali komanso mizere ya ngongole yamakampani opanga zinthu. Mabanki ayenera kukhazikitsa mapulani osiyana a ngongole zamakampani opanga zinthu, kulimbitsa chitsimikizo cha chuma m'malo monga kugawa ndalama zachuma, kukonza kusapereka ndalama zolipirira ndi njira zolimbikitsira, ndikulimbikitsa ogwira ntchito m'magulu kuti atumikire mwachangu mabizinesi opanga zinthu ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati. Kuthandiza mabanki popanga njira zowunikira ngongole zomwe zikugwirizana ndi zofunikira pakukula kwa mafakitale atsopano, ndikupanga mfundo zosiyanasiyana za ngongole ndi miyezo yopezera ndalama kutengera mawonekedwe a mafakitale enaake ndi magawo okulira amakampani. Kutsogolera mabungwe azachuma kuti azitsatira mfundo "ziwiri zosagwedezeka", kuchitira mitundu yonse ya mabizinesi mofanana, ndikulimbitsa ntchito zachuma zamabizinesi opanga zinthu payekha.
(13) Kulimbitsa mgwirizano ndi mgwirizano wa zida zosiyanasiyana zachuma. Kulimbikitsa kugawana chidziwitso ndi mgwirizano wa bizinesi pakati pa mabanki, makampani a inshuwaransi, makampani a zitetezo, ndalama, mabungwe otsimikizira ndalama, ndi makampani oyang'anira chuma, komanso kuteteza chinsinsi cha makasitomala. Kuthandiza makampani osunga ndalama pophatikiza ndalama zosiyanasiyana m'magulu awo kuti apereke chithandizo chokwanira cha ndalama kwa mabizinesi. Kulimbikitsa mabungwe a inshuwaransi, mabungwe osamalira chuma cha mabanki, makampani obwereketsa ndalama, ndi makampani obwereketsa ndalama kuti apereke chithandizo chachuma cha nthawi yayitali komanso chokhazikika pakukula kwa kupanga zinthu zapamwamba kudzera mu equity, bonds, ndalama zachinsinsi, ndi kubwereketsa ndalama, motsatira mfundo ya zoopsa zomwe zingatheke komanso chilolezo chamalonda.
(14) Pangani gulu la akatswiri aluso m'magawo osiyanasiyana mu sayansi, ukadaulo, mafakitale, ndi zachuma. Fufuzani ndikuwongolera dongosolo laukadaulo la ntchito zachuma za sayansi ndi ukadaulo, chitani chitukuko cha maluso ogwirizana m'magawo osiyanasiyana a sayansi ndi ukadaulo ndi mabizinesi asayansi ndi ukadaulo, ndikukweza mulingo wa ntchito zachuma m'madera omwe zinthu za sayansi ndi ukadaulo zimakhazikika, monga madera apamwamba adziko lonse. Limbikitsani mabungwe azachuma kuti alembe ntchito ndikuyambitsa maluso omwe ali ndi mbiri yabwino pantchito zopangira zinthu zapamwamba komanso zokhudzana ndi sayansi ndi ukadaulo kuti amange magulu oyendetsera ndalama ndi mautumiki osiyanasiyana. Limbikitsani mabungwe azachuma kuti aike akatswiri azachuma m'mabizinesi ofunikira kwambiri amakampani, magulu opanga zinthu apamwamba, magulu ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati, madera opititsa patsogolo mafakitale apamwamba, ndi madera atsopano adziko lonse, ndikuziyika nthawi zonse m'mabizinesi ndi m'mapaki. Thandizani mabizinesi ofunikira, mabungwe opereka chithandizo cha anthu m'mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati, ndi oyang'anira mapaki a mafakitale ndi ogwira ntchito zachuma kuti asinthane ndikuphunzira ndi mabungwe azachuma, ndikukonza kuyanjana kwa njira zoyendetsera ndalama zamakampani ndi njira zowunikira ngongole za banki.
6.Kulimbitsa mgwirizano ndi mgwirizano pakati pa mfundo zachuma ndi mafakitale
(15) Kulimbitsa utsogoleri wa mabungwe ndi njira zotsatizana zotsatsira malonda. Banki ya Anthu ku China, Unduna wa Zamalonda ndi Ukadaulo wa Chidziwitso, Komiti Yachitukuko ndi Kusintha kwa Dziko, Unduna wa Zachuma, Unduna wa Zachuma wa Boma, Komiti Yoyang'anira Zachuma ku China, ndi Unduna wa Zachuma wa Boma adzalimbitsa kugawana chidziwitso ndi kugwirizanitsa mfundo, kulimbikitsa kukhazikika kwa mfundo zachuma, ndikukonza malo ogwiritsira ntchito mfundo. Kukonza njira yogwirira ntchito yokulitsa ngongole zapakati ndi zazitali kumakampani opanga zinthu, kukhazikitsa ndikusintha njira yokhazikika yopangira malingaliro a polojekiti yamafakitale ofunikira, kugwiritsa ntchito gawo la nsanja yadziko lonse yogwirizana ndi mafakitale ndi ndalama, kuwonjezera khama pakukweza mapulojekiti, kufananiza ndalama, ndi chitetezo, ndikulimbikitsa mabungwe azachuma kuti athandizire madera ofunikira pakukweza mapulojekiti atsopano. Kutsogolera mabungwe azachuma kuti agwirizane mokwanira ndi akuluakulu oyenerera, mabungwe amakampani, mayunivesite ofunikira, ndi mabizinesi ofunikira kuti apange njira yothandizira ndalama yotsekedwa. Kulimbitsa kuphatikiza mfundo ndi miyezo, kuphatikiza miyezo yamakampani mu ndalama ndi kuvomereza ngongole, kuwunika mndandanda, ndi kuwunika malamulo, ndikuyika zizindikiro zachuma mukuwunika mapulojekiti ndi kulima mabizinesi.
(16) Limbikitsani zolimbikitsa ndi zoletsa za mfundo. Kulimbikitsa kukhazikitsa ndalama zothandizira ndi chiwongola dzanja cha ndalama zatsopano za sayansi ndi ukadaulo komanso kusintha kwa ukadaulo, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino zida za ndondomeko ya ndalama monga zida zothandizira kuchepetsa mpweya woipa, ndalama zothandizira mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono, ndi kuchotsera ndalama, kuti zithandizire madera ofunikira a mafakitale atsopano komanso chitukuko cha mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati. Limbikitsani kuyang'anira kofunikira kwa ngongole zopangira, kulimbikitsa mabanki kuti agwiritse ntchito zofunikira zonse za mfundo, kulimbitsa nthawi zonse chitsogozo cha mfundo za ngongole zazikulu, ndikulimbikitsa dongosolo labwino la msika wazachuma. Konzani zizindikiro zowunikira zachuma zobiriwira, kupitirira kungogwiritsa ntchito sikelo ya ndalama zamakampani a "ziwiri zapamwamba, imodzi yayikulu" ngati njira zowunikira.
(17) Kukonza njira zothandizira mfundo zakomweko. Madipatimenti am'deralo a mafakitale ndi ukadaulo wazidziwitso, chitukuko ndi kusintha, ndi madipatimenti ena oyenerera, mogwirizana ndi madipatimenti oyang'anira zachuma, adzakhazikitsa njira yotsogolera munthu mmodzi payekha pamapulojekiti akuluakulu azachuma m'magawo awo, mogwirizana kuti athetse mavuto monga zosowa zosakwanira komanso kusalingana kwa chidziwitso pazachuma cha mapulojekiti. Mabungwe otsimikizira ndalama othandizidwa ndi boma adzalimbikitsidwa kupereka chithandizo chowonjezera ngongole kwa mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi ang'onoang'ono opanga zinthu oyenerera mwa kukonza njira zobwezeretsanso ndalama, kulimbitsa zitsimikizo ndi kulipira zoopsa, ndikukonza kuwunika magwiridwe antchito. Mizinda yoyesera yapadziko lonse yogwirizana ndi mafakitale ndi zachuma idzalimbikitsidwa kulimbitsa zatsopano zogwirizana mu mfundo zamakampani, zachuma, ndi zachuma, ndikukonzanso njira monga kulipira zoopsa ndi ndalama zothandizira ngongole. Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ntchito ya netiweki yadziko lonse yothandizira ndalama zothandizira ngongole kuti zithandizire mabungwe azachuma pakukulitsa chitukuko ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso cha ngongole. Kukhazikitsa database ya akatswiri amakampani ndi database yowunikira luso la zatsopano zamabizinesi kudzalimbikitsidwa kupereka chithandizo chanzeru ndi chidziwitso pakuwunikira ngongole za mabungwe azachuma ndikupanga zisankho.
(18) Kukhazikitsa ndikuwongolera njira yogwirizana yopewera ndi kulamulira zoopsa. Kukhazikitsa njira yowunikira limodzi ndi machenjezo oyambirira a zoopsa za mafakitale ndi zachuma. Unduna wa Zamalonda ndi Ukadaulo wa Chidziwitso, National Development and Reform Commission, ndi madipatimenti ena adzalimbitsa kuwunika zoopsa za mapulojekiti akuluakulu ndi mafakitale ofunikira, ndikugawana mwachangu zambiri za mapulojekiti ndi mabizinesi omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu ndi madipatimenti oyang'anira zachuma ndi mabungwe azachuma. Kulimbikitsa mabungwe azachuma kuti akhazikitse zofunikira za mfundo za mafakitale zadziko lonse, kulimbitsa kasamalidwe ka zoopsa za ngongole ndi kuwunika kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka ndalama, kupewa zoopsa za arbitrage ndi chinyengo, ndikuthandizira kupewa mpikisano "wosasinthika". Kukhazikitsa zofunikira pakugawa ngongole zopangira kuti ziwonetse molondola mbiri ya zoopsa za ngongole zopangira. Kuthandiza mabanki pakuwonjezera khama lawo lothetsa ngongole zosagwira ntchito zamakampani motsatira lamulo kudzera mu kukonzanso, kuchotsera, kusamutsa, ndi njira zina.
Banki ya Anthu ya ku China
Unduna wa Zamalonda ndi Ukadaulo wa Chidziwitso
Komiti Yachitukuko ndi Kusintha kwa Dziko
Unduna wa Zachuma
Kasamalidwe ka Zachuma
Komiti Yoyang'anira Zachitetezo ku China
Ulamuliro wa Boma la Kusinthana Ndalama Zakunja
Julayi 29, 2025
Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-07-2025