Makampani opanga magetsi a photovoltaic (PV) ndi omwe akutsogolera dziko la China kuti likwaniritse zolinga zake za "dual carbon" ndikukhazikitsa njira yatsopano yamagetsi. Tsopano yakhazikitsa udindo wotsogola padziko lonse lapansi ndipo yapanga luso lodzilamulira lokha. Komabe, makampaniwa akhala akukumana ndi mavuto monga kusagwirizana kokwanira pakati pa zopangira ndi ntchito, kusagwirizana pakati pa kapangidwe ka mphamvu zopangira ndi mphamvu zonyamulira gridi, komanso kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ndi kusowa kwa zinthu, zomwe zalepheretsa kwambiri chitukuko chapamwamba cha makampaniwa. Kuphatikiza pa kusokonezeka kwa dziko ndi kukwera kwa chitetezo cha malonda m'zaka zaposachedwa, mpikisano "wosintha zinthu" mumakampaniwa wakula kwambiri. Kukula kwa mphamvu zopangira magetsi a PV kumaposa kufunikira kawiri, ndipo mpikisano wotsika komanso wosakhazikika wapangitsa kuti pakhale kutayika kwakukulu kopitilira 100 biliyoni ya yuan pamakampani onse kwa zaka ziwiri zotsatizana. Mumsika wachuma, mtengo wonse wamsika wamakampani onse wachepa ndi pafupifupi 4 thililiyoni ya yuan poyerekeza ndi nthawi yake yakale. Ngati izi zikupitiliza kufalikira, zitha kuyambitsa zochitika zingapo, zomwe zikuwopseza chitetezo chachuma cha dziko. Chaka chino, National People's Congress ndi Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference apereka malingaliro oyenera oti aphatikizepo gawo la opanga ma PV mu kayendetsedwe ka makampani amagetsi.
Mu Januwale 2025, National Development and Reform Commission idatulutsa "Chidziwitso pa Kukulitsa Kusintha kwa Msika kwa Mitengo ya Magetsi Ogwirizana ndi Mphamvu Yobwezerezedwanso" (FGNJ [2025] Nambala 136), cholinga chake ndikulimbikitsa kuphatikiza kwathunthu kwa magetsi ogwirizana ndi mphamvu yobwezerezedwanso pamsika wamagetsi, ndi mitengo yopangidwa kudzera mu malonda amsika, zomwe zimakhala ndi tanthauzo labwino mtsogolo. Komabe, monga chikalata cha dziko lonse, tsatanetsatane wa kukhazikitsa kwake umasiyidwa ku chigawo chilichonse (mzinda, chigawo) kuti apange, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mfundo zosamveka bwino m'malo ambiri. Poyang'anizana ndi kusatsimikizika kwa mfundo ndi zoopsa zogwirira ntchito zomwe zimadza chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa mitengo yamagetsi mphamvu yobwezerezedwanso italowa pamsika, mabizinesi ambiri achepetsa kapena kuyimitsa chitukuko ndi kumanga mapulojekiti atsopano, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kukula kwa mphamvu yamagetsi ya photovoltaic (PV) kukhale koyipa mu 2025, komanso kukula koyipa komwe kungachitike mu 2026 koyamba m'zaka zaposachedwa.
Pakadali pano, motsogozedwa ndi zinthu zandale komanso chifukwa cha khama la US lofuna kukopa kubwerera kwa mafakitale opanga zinthu, mphamvu yopanga ma module a photovoltaic (PV) ku China yakula kwambiri kufika pa 100GW. Kukwera kwa mafakitale opanga ma PV ku US ndi India kwachepetsa msika wathu wapadziko lonse lapansi, ndipo kutumiza kunja kungayime mtsogolo. Chifukwa cha izi, kutumiza ma module a PV ku China kwatsika kufika pa 2.1% pachaka mu 2025, ndipo akuyembekezeka kuwonetsa kukula kwa zero kapena pang'ono m'zaka zikubwerazi. Ndi kukakamizidwa pamisika yamkati ndi yapadziko lonse, zikufanana ndi kuwonjezera chipongwe ku makampani onse. Ngati kufunikira kukupitirira kuchepa chaka chino, makampani onse apitiliza kuvutika, ndipo mpikisano "wosasinthika" ukhoza kukulirakulira.
Pa nthawi yofunika kwambiri pamene dzikolo likukwaniritsa zolinga za "dual carbon", makampani opanga magetsi a photovoltaic (PV) sayeneranso kuyendetsedwa ngati makampani opanga zinthu. M'malo mwake, ayenera kuteteza bwino mwayi wake wotsogola pa mpikisano wapadziko lonse, kuyang'ana kwambiri gawo lake lofunika pakusintha kwa mphamvu ku China, komanso kufunika kwake kwakukulu pachitetezo cha mphamvu za dziko ndi ndalama zakunja. Potengera izi, kuphatikiza njira zopangira magetsi a PV mu kayendetsedwe ka makampani opanga magetsi kungathandize kuti pakhale mgwirizano pakati pa kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito, kugogomezera mofanana chitetezo ndi kusintha, komanso mfundo ndi kuyang'anira limodzi kwa makampani opanga magetsi a PV. Kwa dzikolo, ndikusintha kwa njira yoyendetsera mphamvu ku China kutengera kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka mphamvu ndi mfundo zachitetezo cha mphamvu, komanso chitsimikizo chofunikira chothandizira kukhazikitsa zolinga za "dual carbon" ndi chitukuko chapamwamba cha dziko. Pachifukwa ichi, malingaliro otsatirawa akuperekedwa:
Choyamba, akulangizidwa kuti njira zopangira magetsi a photovoltaic ziphatikizidwe mu dongosolo lonse ndi kayendetsedwe ka gawo la mphamvu. National Development and Reform Commission ndi Unduna wa Zamalonda ndi Ukadaulo wa Chidziwitso ziyenera kutsogolera pogwirizanitsa kayendetsedwe ka makampani opanga magetsi a photovoltaic, ndi National Energy Administration, State Administration for Market Regulation, Unduna wa Zachilengedwe ndi Chilengedwe, ndi maunduna ena ndi makomishoni omwe amapereka mgwirizano ndi mgwirizano. Mphamvu zopangira magetsi a photovoltaic ziyenera kugwirizanitsidwa ndi chitukuko cha mphamvu ndi kumanga ma gridi amagetsi, ndipo njira yolumikizirana yogwirira ntchito "yopangira, kugwiritsa ntchito, kugwiritsa ntchito" iyenera kukhazikitsidwa.
Kachiwiri, akulangizidwa kuti afotokoze za luso lamakono la kayendetsedwe ka mphamvu zachikhalidwe ndikukhazikitsa njira yoyendetsera msika yopanga magetsi pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu za photovoltaic kutengera Lamulo la Mphamvu la People's Republic of China. Lumikizani magwiridwe antchito a mphamvu zopangira magetsi a photovoltaic ndi kukonzekera kukhazikitsa magetsi a photovoltaic mdziko lonse ndi kufunikira kwa kutumiza kunja, ndikumanga njira yolinganiza bwino "yokhazikitsa kupanga malinga ndi kufunikira". Sinthani njira yoyendetsera mitengo kumapeto kwa kupanga magetsi a photovoltaic, kukhazikitsa njira yochenjeza mitengo, kutenga njira zothanirana ndi mitengo ndi njira zadzidzidzi pakafunika kutero, ndikumanga njira yowopsa yopewera ndikuyankha kusinthasintha kwamitengo kosazolowereka pamsika.
Chachitatu, akulangizidwa kuti pakhale njira yolumikizirana yowunikira dziko lonse ndikuwongolera njira yoyankhira mwachangu komanso njira yowunikira yochulukirapo. Njira yowunikira ntchito zopangira ma photovoltaic iyenera kukhazikitsidwa kuti iwunikire deta monga mphamvu yopangira, zotuluka, mtengo, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, ndi mtundu, komanso kayendetsedwe ka kayendedwe ka madzi, kugawa, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito. Ulalo wa zinthu zopangira ma photovoltaic, polysilicon, uyenera kuphatikizidwa mu dongosolo ladziko lonse la chitetezo cha mphamvu. Njira yoyankhira mwadzidzidzi yoperekera ndi kusungira zinthu zopangira nthawi zovuta kwambiri iyenera kukhazikitsidwa kuti iwonjezere kulimba kwa unyolo wamafakitale.
Nthawi yotumizira: Marichi-09-2026