Pa 20 Seputembala, "Dialogue" ya CCTV Finance idawulutsa kuyankhulana ndi mutu wakuti "Tsogolo la Magetsi". Alendo monga Qian Zhimin, membala wa Komiti Yokhazikika ya Komiti Yadziko Lonse ya Msonkhano wa Uphungu wa Zandale wa Anthu aku China komanso wachiwiri kwa director wa Komiti ya Anthu, Zachuma ndi Zachilengedwe, Zhu Gongshan, Wapampando wa GCL Group, ndi Zhang Chuanwei, Wapampando wa Mingyang Smart Energy, adatenga nawo gawo pa zokambiranazi.
Kukambiranaku kunayang'ana kwambiri za tsogolo la mphamvu, tsogolo la magetsi, ndi masitepe otsatira kapena maulalo ofunikira pakukula kwa mphamvu zatsopano.
Qian Zhimin anati momwe zinthu zilili panopa m'makampani opanga magetsi ku China: Tengani nthawi zomwe zimakhala pachimake cha mwezi wa June ndi Julayi mwachitsanzo. Malasha amapanga pafupifupi 60% ya mphamvu zopangira magetsi, mphamvu ya mphepo ndi dzuwa 16%, mphamvu ya madzi 17%, ndi mphamvu ya nyukiliya pafupifupi 5%. Komabe, kwenikweni, mphamvu ya mphepo ndi dzuwa yomwe yakhazikitsidwa yapitirira kale mphamvu ya kutentha. Koma mphamvu ya mphepo ndi dzuwa yomwe ingakwaniritse, kumbali imodzi, imadalira nyengo, ndipo kumbali ina, chifukwa cha nthawi yake yosinthasintha, maola omwe alipo ndi ochepa. Chifukwa chake, malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili, kuonetsetsa kuti magetsi akupezeka kungabweretsenso mavuto atsopano.
Zhu Gongshan, wapampando wa GCL Group, akukhulupirira kuti: "Kutulutsa mphamvu sikungathe kudziwika kutengera mphamvu yonse yomwe yayikidwa. Mphamvu ya mphepo ndi dzuwa zilibe malire, koma mwachibadwa ndi magwero a mphamvu zowonjezera ndipo mosakayikira zidzakhala magwero akuluakulu a mphamvu mtsogolo. Komabe, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa chitsanzo chachikulu cha digito ndi chanzeru, kumanga njira yatsopano yamagetsi, ndikuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito gwero-gridi-load-load-storage-measure-measure-measure-measure-measure-measure-measure-measure-measure-measure-measure-measure-measure-measure-measure-measure-measurement-measurement-measurement-measurement."
Zhang Chuanwei, wapampando wa Mingyang Smart Energy, anati: “Sitingaone mphamvu ya mphepo ndi dzuwa ngati kutumiza mphamvu patali kapena kupanga mphamvu zazikulu. Cholinga chake chili pakupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu m'malo osiyanasiyana, ndipo ubwino wake wazachuma ndi phindu lake zonse zili pano.” Chachiwiri, zitha kuthana ndi chitukuko chobiriwira cha mafakitale atsopano. Dongosolo latsopano la mafakitale ndi njira yatsopano yoperekera mphamvu, monga mphamvu ya digito komanso kusintha kwa ulimi ndi madera akumidzi, zidzadalira kwambiri magetsi obiriwira mtsogolo.
Kodi mphamvu zoyambira zili bwanji ku China pakadali pano?
Qian Zhimin, membala wa Komiti Yokhazikika ya Komiti Yadziko Lonse ya Msonkhano wa Uphungu wa Zandale wa Anthu aku China komanso wachiwiri kwa director wa Komiti ya Anthu, Zothandizira ndi Zachilengedwe, adayambitsa momwe zinthu zilili panopa mumakampani opanga magetsi ku China: Tengani nthawi zomwe zimakhala pachimake cha June ndi July mwachitsanzo. Malasha amapanga pafupifupi 60% ya mphamvu zopangira magetsi, mphamvu ya mphepo ndi dzuwa 16%, mphamvu yamadzi 17%, ndi mphamvu ya nyukiliya pafupifupi 5%. Komabe, kwenikweni, mphamvu yokhazikika ya mphamvu ya mphepo ndi dzuwa yapitirira kale mphamvu ya kutentha. Koma mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe mphamvu ya mphepo ndi dzuwa imatha kukwaniritsa, kumbali imodzi, imadalira nyengo, ndipo kumbali ina, chifukwa cha nthawi yake yocheperako, maola omwe alipo ndi ochepa. Nthawi yomweyo, Qian Zhimin adanenanso kuti kulekerera kwa anthu kusowa kwa magetsi pakadali pano kuli kotsika kuposa kale. Ngati magetsi azima kwa theka la ola kapena ola limodzi tsopano, anthu wamba kapena makampani ena sangapirire. Chifukwa chake, pansi pa mikhalidwe yatsopanoyi, ikhozanso kubweretsa zovuta zatsopano pachitetezo cha magetsi.
Zhu Gongshan, wapampando wa GCL Group, anati, "Kutulutsa mphamvu sikungathe kudziwika kutengera mphamvu yonse yomwe yayikidwa. Mphamvu ya mphepo ndi dzuwa zilibe malire, koma mwachibadwa ndi magwero a mphamvu zowonjezera ndipo mosakayikira zidzakhala magwero akuluakulu a mphamvu mtsogolo. Komabe, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa chitsanzo chachikulu cha digito ndi chanzeru, kumanga njira yatsopano yamagetsi, ndikuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito gwero-gridi-load-load-storage-measure-measure-measure-measure-measure-measure-measure-measure-measure-measure-measure-measure-measure-measure-measure-measure-measure-measure-measure-measure-measurement ...
Zhang Chuanwei, wapampando wa Mingyang Smart Energy, anati: “Sitingaone mphamvu ya mphepo ngati kungotumiza mphamvu patali kapena kupanga mphamvu zazikulu. Cholinga chake chili pakupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu m'malo osiyanasiyana, ndipo ubwino wake pazachuma ndi phindu lake zonse zili pano.” Chachiwiri, ikhoza kuthana ndi chitukuko chobiriwira cha mafakitale atsopano. Dongosolo latsopano la mafakitale ndi njira yatsopano yoperekera mphamvu, monga mphamvu ya digito komanso kusintha kwa ulimi ndi madera akumidzi, zidzadalira kwambiri magetsi obiriwira mtsogolo.
Kodi ndi njira zatsopano ziti zomwe zikubwera pakugwiritsa ntchito magetsi pakali pano?
Cheng Lu, CEO wa Xinao Digital Energy Technology, anati, “Masiku ano, kuchuluka kwa magetsi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagetsi akuchulukirachulukira. Kale, zida zapakhomo zinali makamaka ma TV ndi mafiriji, koma tsopano pali magalimoto ambiri amagetsi, zotsukira vacuum ndi zida zanzeru.” Ku China, kuchuluka kwa magetsi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagetsi tsopano kwapitirira 30%, ndipo akuyembekezeka kupitirira 60% pofika chaka cha 2050, kuwirikiza kawiri. Izi zibweretsa kusintha kwakukulu pa kapangidwe ka magetsi.
Cao Kaihu, mkulu wa Nengjian Energy Research Institute, anati: “Pofika chaka cha 2030, chiwerengero cha magalimoto amagetsi m'dziko lathu chikhoza kufika pafupifupi 150 miliyoni. Kodi chiwerengerochi chikutanthauza chiyani?” Mwachidule, mphamvu zake zazikulu zitha kufika ma kilowatts 2.5 biliyoni. Izi zikufanana ndi mphamvu yonse yomwe anthu onse amagwiritsa ntchito. Ngati makampani opanga magalimoto amagetsi ali mu chisokonezo, mfundo sizikutsogozedwa, ndipo luso lamakono silikuyenda mwachangu mokwanira, zitha kukhudza kwambiri makina onse amagetsi.”
Tang Renhu, wapampando wa Zhongchuang Carbon Investment, anati, “Pakadali pano, kufunika kwa magetsi m'malo osungira deta a AI kukukwera. Pofika chaka cha 2024, idzagwiritsa ntchito magetsi okwana ma kilowatt-hours pafupifupi 200 biliyoni, ndipo pofika chaka cha 2035, idzafunika ma kilowatt-hours pafupifupi 1.2 thililiyoni pachaka.” Kodi kufunikira komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha katundu wamtunduwu kungakwaniritsidwe bwanji? Chifukwa chake, pakadali pano, kufananiza kwa kupezeka ndi kufunikira kukukumana ndi gawo latsopano. N'zotheka kuti mfundo zoyera zakale, njira zoyera, ndi malingaliro oyera sizingathetse vutoli. Idzadalira zida za digito zamtsogolo. Momwe mungakwaniritsire kufananiza mwadongosolo kungakhale vuto lomwe mbali yogwiritsira ntchito ndi mbali yopereka iyenera kukumana mtsogolo.
Qian Zhimin, membala wa Komiti Yokhazikika ya Komiti Yadziko Lonse ya Msonkhano wa Uphungu wa Zandale wa Anthu aku China komanso wachiwiri kwa director wa Komiti ya Anthu, Zachuma ndi Zachilengedwe, adawonjezeranso kuti: Ngakhale kuti AI ikukwera komanso magalimoto amagetsi akukwera, pali chinthu chimodzi chomwe chikufunika kuphatikizidwa pakufunikira kwa magetsi, ndipo ndicho kufunikira kwa magetsi obiriwira. Zipangizo zomwe timatumiza ku Europe zidzayamba kulipidwa misonkho ya carbon kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 2026. Chifukwa chake, kwenikweni, palinso kufunikira kobiriwira pakufunikira kwa magetsi. Ili ndi vuto lalikulu lomwe makampani opanga magetsi ndi magetsi akukumana nalo pakadali pano.
Kodi kubuka kwa magetsi opangidwa pa intaneti kudzasintha bwanji mawonekedwe amtsogolo a magetsi?
Zhu Gongshan, wapampando wa GCL Group, adanena mu pulogalamuyi kuti: “Ngati magetsi opangidwa pa intaneti ayambitsidwadi, mphamvu yonse yopangidwa ndi magetsi yomwe ilipo ikhoza kuchepetsedwa ndi 10% mpaka 15%. Ndipotu, pakadali pano, malo ambiri opangira magetsi sakuchita gawo lawo lenileni, ndipo malo ambiri opangira magetsi ndi a nthawi yayitali komanso olemera kwambiri.” Ndi kubwera kwa malo opangira magetsi pa intaneti, katundu wapamwamba kwambiri amatha kuthetsedwa kudzera m'malo opangira magetsi pa intaneti.
Zhang Chuanwei, wapampando wa Mingyang Smart Energy, anati: Zaka khumi zapitazo, ndinali ndi maloto akuti kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi sikungokhala kwaulere komanso kulipidwa. Titazindikira malo opangira magetsi, njira yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu kunyumba inasinthanso. Mutha kuphatikiza njira yanu yogwiritsira ntchito magetsi momasuka. Galimoto yanu yamagetsi, makina osungira mphamvu ang'onoang'ono kunyumba, ndi makina oyendera dzuwa padenga zonse zitha kumanga zinthu zanu zamagetsi. Kudzera m'malo opangira magetsi, palinso mtengo wa zinthu za kaboni. N'zotheka kuti simunalipire ndalama iliyonse pamagetsi chaka chonse koma mumapezabe ndalama zomwe mphamvu ziyenera kukhala nazo. Kuthekera kumeneku kwachitika kale lero.
Qian Zhimin, membala wa Komiti Yokhazikika ya Komiti Yadziko Lonse ya Msonkhano wa Uphungu wa Zandale wa Anthu aku China komanso wachiwiri kwa director wa Komiti ya Anthu, Zothandizira ndi Zachilengedwe, adawonjezera kuti: Gridi yamagetsi yomwe ilipo pano ndi yovuta kuyilamulira ndi kuyilamulira chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa magetsi atsopano. Komabe, ngati pali magetsi ambiri opezeka pa intaneti, magetsi amatha kuyendetsedwa ndi magetsi awa. Panthawi ya ntchito yayikulu kapena pamene pali kusowa kwa magetsi, magetsi opezeka pa intaneti angathandize kuchepetsa katundu. Chofunika kwambiri, mtengo wa mphamvu yolamulira yomwe imapangidwa ndi magetsi opezeka pa intaneti Ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo khumi a mtengo wothetsera mphamvu yolamulira ya magetsi opezeka pa intaneti, ndipo ndi yopindulitsa kwambiri kwa aliyense. Ndi yopindulitsa pa chitetezo cha gridi yamagetsi ndi chitetezo cha kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi kwa ogwiritsa ntchito.
Cao Kaihu, mkulu wa Nengjian Energy Research Institute, adayambitsa kuti: "Chinthu chodziwika bwino kwambiri pa malo opangira magetsi ndichakuti amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zilipo kale m'dongosolo lonse lamagetsi. Safuna kumangidwa kwatsopano kapena kuwonjezera ndalama zambiri zokhazikika." Malo enieni opangira magetsi ndi njira yosonkhanitsira zinthu zomwe zagawidwa m'magulu kudzera pa nsanja ya mapulogalamu.
Cheng Lu, CEO wa Xinao Shuneng Technology, adawonjezera kuti, "Ma power plants enieni ndi osawoneka komanso osagwirika, komabe alipodi." Pansi pali intaneti ya Zinthu yomwe imalumikiza banja lililonse, nyumba iliyonse, galimoto iliyonse ndi fakitale iliyonse. Pakati pali ubongo wopanga zisankho za AI womwe umasonkhana kuyambira pansi mpaka pamwamba ndikuchita nawo zochitika zosiyanasiyana, mayankho ndi malamulo a gridi yamagetsi. Chachitatu, iyenera kufikira pa terminal ndikukhala yosinthika, yowongoleredwa, yowoneka bwino komanso yoyezeka.
Kodi tsogolo la magetsi lidzaoneka bwanji kwenikweni?
Qian Zhimin, membala wa Komiti Yokhazikika ya Komiti Yadziko Lonse ya Msonkhano wa Uphungu wa Zandale wa Anthu aku China komanso wachiwiri kwa director wa Komiti ya Anthu, Zothandizira ndi Zachilengedwe, anati, "Ndikukhulupirira kuti AI yamtsogolo idzakwaniritsidwa kudzera mu mphamvu, ndipo mphamvu yamtsogolo idzakwaniritsidwa kudzera mu kulimbikitsana kwa AI. Chifukwa chake, ndikunena kuti mapeto a AI ndi mphamvu, ndipo mapeto a mphamvu ndi AI."
Zhu Gongshan, wapampando wa GCL Group, anati, "Magetsi kuphatikiza mphamvu zamakompyuta zimafanana ndi zokolola zamtsogolo. Tsogolo lili pakupanga mtundu watsopano wa makina amagetsi."
Zhang Chuanwei, wapampando wa Mingyang Smart Energy, anati, "M'tsogolomu, mphamvu sizidzakhalanso phindu lokha, koma m'malo mwake zidzakhala phindu kudzera mu mphamvu yokha."
Cheng Lu, CEO wa Xinaoshu Energy Technology: “Kodi magetsi adzakhala bwanji mtsogolomu?” Mphamvu yamagetsi ndi makompyuta zili pafupi kupezeka. M'tsogolomu, tingakhale m'dziko la sayansi ya sayansi komwe mphamvu zimawoneka zosatha, zoyendetsedwa ndi ubongo wathu wa AI. M'tsogolomu, dongosolo la mphamvu silingaphatikizepo kulowererapo kwa anthu; lingakhale ubongo wa AI womwe umagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri, chitetezo chabwino kwambiri, komanso mtengo wotsika kwambiri wa dongosolo lonse logwirira ntchito.”
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-22-2025